Constructivist paradigm in law

Authors

  • Ilja Ljvovich Chestnov Saint-Petersburg Law Institute (branch) of the Academy of Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation

Abstract

The article reveals the constructivist methodology of law. In epistemology constructivism dates back to the epistemology of Kant. Epistemological constructivism is developing today the principle of subsidiary. The principle of subsidiary states relativity of knowledge about the object; inexhaustible subject of the research; inclusion of the subject in the cognitive process. Constructivism as a paradigm of social sciences is characterized by anti-universality, contextual character of the social world, relativism of all social phenomena, refutation of naive realism, replacement of objectivism by intersubjectivity. Constructivism in law constitutes criticism of concepts of classical jurisprudence which make the legal reality objective. The constructivist paradigm designed to overcome dogmatism and isolation from the practical needs of the legal science. Constructivism is a new view on the legal reality. It involves the design of the legal system and its reproduction by a person. The system of law, in the constructivist point of view, is the activity of an agent aimed at creating and reproducing the legal norms. The system of law is a process which includes a combination of tradition and innovation, rather than an abstract, dogmatic prescription. A person, subject of law, forming and reproducing legal rules, rather than a legal norm, is the central element of the system of law.

Keywords:

methodology of law, constructing legal reality, system of law, subject of law

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Ilja Ljvovich Chestnov , Saint-Petersburg Law Institute (branch) of the Academy of Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation

doctor of legal sciences, professor of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law

References

Alekseev N. N. Sovremennoe polozhenie nauki o gosudarstve i ee blizhaishie zadachi [Contemporary Stand of the Science of State and its Nearest Goals]. Russkii narod i gosudarstvo [The Russian Nation and State]. Moscow, Agraf Publ., 1998. 640 p. (In Russian)

Anderson B. Voobrazhaemye soobshchestva. Razmyshleniia ob istokakh i rasprostranenii natsionalizma [Imaginary Communities. Reflections on the Sources of Nationalism Spread]. Moscow, Kanon-press-Ts, 2001. 288 p. (In Russian)

Bart F. Vvedenie. Etnicheskie gruppy i sotsial’nye granitsy [Ethnical Groups and Social Borders]. Ed. by F.Bart. Moscow, Novoe publ., 2006, pp.9–48. (In Russian)

Brubeiker R. Etnichnost’ bez grupp [Ethnicity Without Groups]. Moscow, Publ. dom Vysshei shkoly ekonomiki, 2012. 408 p. (In Russian)

Burd’e P. Delegirovanie i politicheskii fetishism [Delegation and Political Fetishism]. Sotsiologiia politiki [Sociology of Politics]. Moscow, Socio-logos Publ., 1993, pp. 231–262. (In Russian)

Burd’e P. Obshchestvennoe mnenie ne sushchestvuet [Public Opinion Does Not Exist]. Sotsiologiia politiki [Sociology of Politics]. Moscow, Socio-logos Publ., 1993, pp. 159–178. (In Russian)

Burd’e P. Sotsial’noe prostranstvo i genezis «klassov» [The Social Space and Genesis of Classes]. Sotsiologiia politiki [Sociology of Politics]. Moscow, Socio-logos Publ., 1993, pp. 53–98. (In Russian)

Burd’e P. Za ratsionalisticheskii istorizm [For Rational Historicism]. Sotsiologos postmodernizma [перевод]. Moscow, Institut eksperimental’noi sotsiologii Publ., 1996, pp. 9–29. (In Russian)

Burd’e P. Dukh gosudarstva: genezis i struktura biurokraticheskogo polia [Spirit of State: Genesis and Structure of the Bureaucratic Field]. Poetika i politika: sb. statei. Al’manakh Rossiisko-frantsuzskogo tsentra sotsiologii i filosofii Instituta sotsiologii Rossiiskoi Akademii nauk [Poetics and Politics: Collected articles. Anthology of the Russian Academy of Sciences]. Moscow, Institut eksperimental’noi sotsiologii Publ.; St. Petersburg, Aleteiia Publ., 1999, pp. 126–176. (In Russian)

Burd’e P. Prakticheskii smysl [Practical Reason]. St. Petersburg, Aleteiia Publ., 2001. 562 p. (In Russian)

Burd’e P. O simvolicheskoi vlasti [On Symbolic Power]. Sotsiologiia sotsial’nogo prostranstva [перевод]. Moscow, Institut eksperimental’noi sotsiologii Publ.; St. Petersburg, Aleteiia Publ., 2005, pp. 87–97. (In Russian)

Burd’e P. Vlast’ prava: osnovy sotsiologii iuridicheskogo polia [The Force of Law: Towards the Basics of the Sociology of Juridical Field]. Sotsial’noe prostranstvo: polia i praktiki [Social Space: Fields and Practics]. Moscow, Institut eksperimental’noi sotsiologii Publ.; St. Petersburg, Aleteiia Publ., 2005, pp. 75–128. (In Russian)

Van Deik T. A. Diskurs i vlast’: Reprezentatsiia dominirovaniia v iazyke i kommunikatsii [Discourse and Power: Representation of Dominance in Language and Communication]. Moscow, Knizhnyi dom “Librokom”, 2013. 344 p. (In Russian)

Gadzhiev G.A. Ontologiia prava: (kriticheskoe issledovanie iuridicheskogo kontsepta deistvitel’nosti): monografiia [Ontology of Law: Critical Review of Legal Concept of Reality]. Moscow, Norma: INFRA-M Publ., 2013. 320 p. (In Russian)

Gilinskii Ia. I. Kriminologiia: teoriia, istoriia, empiricheskaia baza, sotsial’nyi kontrol’ [Criminology: Theory, History, Empirical Basis, Social Control]. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. St. Petersburg, Publ. R. Aslanova “Iuridicheskii tsentr Press”, 2009. 504 p. (In Russian)

Gilinskii Ia. I. Sotsiologiia deviantnosti: novelly i perspektivy [Sociology of Deviancy: Novelties and Perspectives]. Gilinskii Ia. I. Deviantnost’, prestupnost’ i sotsial’nyi kontrol’ v «novom mire»: sb. statei [Deviancy, Criminality and Social Control in “New World”: Collected Articles]. St. Petersburg, Alef-Press, 2013, pp. 7–15. (In Russian)

Gilinskii Ia.I. Sovremennye tendentsii mirovoi kriminologii [Modern Tendencies in World]. Gilinskii Ia.I. Deviantnost’, prestupnost’ i sotsial’nyi kontrol’ v «novom mire»: sb. statei [Deviancy, Criminality and Social Control in “New World”: Collected Articles]. St. Petersburg, Alef-Press, 2013, pp. 273–288. (In Russian)

Gilinskii Ia.I. Konstruirovanie deviantnosti: problematizatsiia problemy (vmesto predisloviia) [Constructing Deviancy: Problem Setting]. Konstruirovanie deviantnosti: monografiia [Constructing Deviancy]. Compil. Ia. I. Gilinskii. St. Petersburg, DEAN Publ., 2011, pp. 4–17. (In Russian)

Deviatko I.F. Sotsiologicheskie teorii deiatel’nosti i prakticheskoi ratsional’nosti [Sociological Theories of Activity and Practical Rationality]. Moscow, Avanti plius Publ., 2003. 336 p. (In Russian)

Delez Zh., Gvattari F. Chto takoe filosofiia? [What Is Philosophy?]. Moscow, Institut eksperimental’noi sotsiologii. St. Petersburg, Aleteiia Publ., 1998. 286 p. (In Russian)

Diskussiia. Pervye filosofsko-pravovye chteniia pamiati V.S.Nersesiantsa (libertarno-iuridicheskii proekt) [Discussion. The first Philosophical-Juridical Readings in Memory of V.S.Nersesyants (Libertarian-Juridical Project)]. Ezhegodnik libertarno-iuridicheskoi teorii [Yearbook of the Libertarian-Juridical Theory]. Vyp.1. Moscow, GU-VShE Publ., 2007, pp. 67–80. (In Russian)

Diurkgeim E. Sotsiologiia. Ee predmet, metod, prednaznachenie [Sociology. Subject, Method, Destination]. Moscow, Kanon Publ., 1995. 325 p.

Zhalinskii A.E. Ugolovnoe pravo v ozhidanii peremen: teoretiko-instrumental’nyi analiz [Criminal Law in Anticipation of Change: Theoretical-Instrumental Analysis]. 2-e izd., pererab. i dop. Moscow, Prospekt Publ., 2009. 400 p. (In Russian)

Ivina M.K. Institut strogogo i surovogo tiuremnogo zakliucheniia (paine forte et dure) v srednevekovom angliiskom prave. Avtoref. kand. dis. [Strong and Severe Punishment Institute (paine forte et dure) In Medieval English Law. Thesis of PhD diss.]. St. Petersburg, SPbGUEF Publ., 2012. 23 p. (In Russian)

Isaeva N. V. Pravovaia identichnost’: problemy teorii i praktiki [Legal Identity: Problems of Theory and Practice]. Ivanovo, Ivan. gos. un-t Publ., 2009. 159 p. (In Russian)

Kak sud’i prinimaiut resheniia: empiricheskie issledovaniia prava [How Do the Judges Make Decisions: Empirical Researches of Law]. Ed. by V. V. Volkov. Moscow, Statut Publ., 2012. 368 p. (In Russian)

Kasavin I. T. Filosofskii diskurs: problema, kontekst, smysl [Philosophical Discourse: Problem, Context, Sense]. Chelovek v mire znaniia: K 80-letiiu Vladislava Aleksandrovicha Lektorskogo [Human in the World of Knowledge: On Occasion of 80 Years to Vladislav Alexandrovich Lektorskii]. Ed. by. N. S. Avtonomova, B. I. Pruzhinin; nauch. red. T. G. Shchedrina. Moscow, ROSSPEN Publ., 2012, pp. 171–192. (In Russian)

Kastoriadis K. Voobrazhaemoe ustanovlenie obshchestva [Imaginary Society Determination]. Moscow, Gnozis Publ., Logos Publ., 2003. 480 p. (In Russian)

Lenuar R., Merl’e D., Pento L., Shampan’ P. Nachala prakticheskoi sotsiologii [Basics of Practical Sociology]. Moscow, Institut eksperimental’noi sotsiologii Publ.; St. Petersburg, Aleteiia Publ., 2001. 410 p. (In Russian)

Mal’tsev G. V. Sotsial’nye osnovaniia prava [Social Bases of Law]. Moscow, Norma Publ., 2007. 800 p. (In Russian)

Mikhailov A.M. Genezis kontinental’noi iuridicheskoi dogmatiki [Genesis of the Continental Legal Dogmatic]. Moscow, Iurlitinform Publ., 2012. 496 p. (In Russian)

Mikhailov A.M. Pravovaia ideologiia: problemy teorii [Legal Ideology: Problems of Theory]. Problemy metodologii i filosofii prava: sb. statei mezhdunarodnogo kruglogo stola [Problems of Methodology and Philosophy of Law: Collected Articles of International Round Table]. Ed. by S.N.Kasatkin. Samara, Samarskaia gum. akademiia Publ., 2014, pp. 108–119. (In Russian)

Ogurtsov A.P. Ot konstruktivistskoi etnografii nauki — k novoi versii naturalizma [From Constructivist Ethnography of Science to New Version of Naturalism]. Ogurtsov A. P. Filosofiia nauki: dvadtsatyi vek: Kontseptsii i problemy: v 3 ch. Chast’ pervaia: filosofii nauki: issledovatel’skie programmy [Philosophy of Science: Twentieth Century: Theories and Problems: Part I: Philosophy of Science: Research Programs]. St. Petersburg, Mir” Publ., 2011, pp. 376–406. (In Russian)

Pravo i pravoprimenenie v Rossii: mezhdistsiplinarnye issledovaniia [Law and Law Enforcement in Russia]. Ed. by V. V. Volkov. Moscow, Statut Publ., 2011. 317 p. (In Russian)

Pravoprimenenie: teoriia i praktika [Law Enforcement: Theory and Practice]. Ed. By Iu. A. Tikhomirov. Moscow, Formula prava Publ., 2008. 432 p. (In Russian)

Rokmor T. Gegel’ o konstruktivizme [Hegel on Constructivism]. Konstruktivistskii podkhod v epistemologii i naukakh o cheloveke [Constructivist Approach in Epistemology and Human Sciences]. Otv. red. akad. RAN V. A. Lektorskii. Moscow, Kanon+ Publ., 2009, pp. 130–140. (In Russian)

Sotsial’naia epistemologiia: idei, metody, programmy [Social Epistemology: Ideas, Methods, Programs]. Ed. by I. T. Kasavin. Moscow, Kanon+ Publ., 2010. 712 p. (In Russian)

Sovremennaia zapadnaia filosofiia. Entsiklopedicheskii slovar’ [Contemporary Western Philosophy. Encyclopedic Dictionary]. Ed. by O. Kheffe, V. S. Malakhova, V. P. Filatova pri uchastii T.A.Dmitrieva. Moscow, Kul’turnaia revoliutsiia Publ., 2009. 392 p. (In Russian)

Trufanova E.O. «Ia» kak konstruktsiia [“I” As a Construction]. Konstruktivistskii podkhod v epistemologii i naukakh o cheloveke [Constructivist Approach in Epistemology and Human Sciences]. Ed. by V. A. Lektorskii. Moscow, Kanon+ Publ., 2009, pp. 288–307. (In Russian)

Urri Dzh. Sotsiologiia za predelami obshchestv: vidy mobil’nosti dlia XXI stoletiia [Sociology Beyond Societies: Mobility Types For XXI Century]. Moscow, Publ. Vysshei shkoly ekonomiki, 2012. 336 p. (In Russian)

Filippova S.Iu. Instrumental’nyi podkhod v nauke chastnogo prava [Instrumental Approach in Private Law Science]. Moscow, Statut Publ., 2013. 350 p. (In Russian)

Fuko M. Volia k istine: po tu storonu znaniia, vlasti i seksual’nosti [Will for Truth: On the Reverse Side of Knowledge, Power and Sexuality]. Moscow, Kastal’ Publ., 1996. 448 p. (In Russian)

Chetvernin V. A. Vtorye filosofsko-pravovye chteniia pamiati V. S. Nersesiantsa (libertarno-iuridicheskii proekt) [The second Philosophical-Juridical Readings in Memory of V.S.Nersesyants (Libertarian-Juridical Project)]. Ezhegodnik libertarno-iuridicheskoi teorii [Yearbook of Libertarian-Juridical Theory]. Issue 2. Moscow, GU-VShE Publ., 2008, pp. 5–40. (In Russian)

Chetvernin V.A., Iakovlev A.V. Institutsional’naia teoriia i iuridicheskii libertarizm [Institutional Theory and Juridical Libertarism]. Ezhegodnik libertarno-iuridicheskoi teorii [Yearbook of Libertarian-Juridical Theory]. Issue 2. Moscow, GU-VShE Publ., 2008, pp. 215–238. (In Russian)

Chestnov I.L. Institut administrativnykh pravonarushenii v sisteme prava. Avtoref. kand. dis. [Institute of Administrative Offences in the System of Law. Thesis of PhD diss.] St. Petersburg, SPbIuI MVD RF Publ., 1994. 24 p. (In Russian)

Chestnov I. L. Sotsial’noe konstruirovanie pravovoi identichnosti v usloviiakh globalizatsii [Social Constructing of Legal Identity in Globalisation]. Dialog kul’tur i partnerstvo tsivilizatsii: IX Mezhdunarodnye Likhachevskie nauchnye chteniia 14–15 maia 2009 g. [Dialogue of Cultures and Partnership of Civilizations: IX International Likhachev Scientific Readings May 14–15 2009.]. St. Petersburg, GUP Publ., 2009, pp. 415–417. (In Russian)

Chestnov I.L. Sotsial’noe konstruirovanie pravovoi identichnosti v usloviiakh globalizatsii [Social Constructing of Legal Identity by Globalisation]. Vestnik RGGU, no. 14 (57)/10. Ser. Iuridicheskie nauki. Moscow, RGGU Publ., 2010, pp. 15–21. (In Russian)

Chestnov I. L. Dialogo-antropologicheskaia kontseptsiia istochnika prava v kontekste postklassicheskogo pravoponimaniia [Dialogical — Anthropological Theory of Source of Law in the Context of Postclassical Law Understanding]. Razuvaev N.V., Chernookov A.E., Chestnov I.L. Istochnik prava: klassicheskaia i postklassicheskaia paradigmy: monografiia [Source of Law: Classical and Postclassical Paradigms]. Ed. by I. L. Chestnov. St. Petersburg, IVESEP Publ., 2011, pp. 126–170. (In Russian)

Chestnov I.L. Postklassicheskaia teoriia prava: monografiia [Postclassical Theory of Law]. St. Petersburg, Alef-Press, 2012. 650 p. (In Russian)

Shampan’ P. Delat’ mnenie: novaia politicheskaia igra [To Make an Opinion: New Political Game]. Moscow, Socio-logos Publ., 1997. 317 p. (In Russian)

Shestakov D.A. Vvedenie v kriminologiiu zakona [Introduction to Criminology of Law]. St. Petersburg, Iuridicheskii tsentr Press, 2011. 75 p. (In Russian)

Benhabib S. Situating the Self: Gender, Community and the Postmodernism in Contemporary Ethics. N. Y., Routledge, 1992. 266 p.

Butler J. Gender Trouble: Feminism and Subversion of Identity. N.Y., Routledge, 1990. 221 p.

Castells M. The Power of Identity. Malden (Mass.), Blackwell Pub., 1997. 461 p.

Fairclough N. Critical Discourse Analysis. The Critical Study of Language. London, Longman, 1995. 265 p.

Harre R. Social Being. 2nd end. Oxford, 1993. 288 p.

Hobsbawm E., Ranger T. (eds.) The Invention of Tradition. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1983. 310 p.

Koselleck R. Einleitung / Geschichtliche Grundbegriffe. Historische Lexikon zur politisch-sozialen Sprachen Deutschland. Hrsg. von O.Brunner, W.Conze, R.Koselleck. Bd. 1. Stuttgart, 1972, pp. I–XXXI.

Lacklau E. New Reflections on the Revolution of Our Time. London, Verso, 1990. 251 p.

Laclau E. The Death and Resurrection of the Theory of Ideology. Journal of Political Ideologies, vol. 1, 1996, no. 3, pp. 201–220.

Laclau E., Mouffe C. Gegemony and Socialist Strategy. Towards a Radical Democratic Politics. London, Verso, 1985. 197 p.

Latour B. When things strike back: a possible contribution of “science studies” to the social science. British Journal of Sociology, vol. 51, 2000, no. 1, pp. 107–123.

Putnam H. Realism with a Human Face/Realism with a Human Face. Ed. by J. Conant. Cambridge (Mass.), Cambridge University Press., 1990, pp. 3–29.

Skinner Q. Meaning and Understanding in the history of ideas. History and Theory, vol. 8, 1969, no. 1, pp. 35–59.

Social representations. Eds. M. Farr, S. Moscovici. Cambridge, Paris, 1984. 412 p.

Weldes J. Constructing National Interests. European Journal of International Relations, vol. 2, 1996, no. 3, pp. 275–318.

Woodak R. Disorders of Discourse. London, Longman, Sage, 1996. 200 p.

Published

01.03.2016

How to Cite

Chestnov , I. L. (2016). Constructivist paradigm in law. Pravovedenie, 60(2), 62–93. Retrieved from https://pravovedenie.spbu.ru/article/view/6852

Issue

Section

Concept of law