О сущности, понятии и пределах уголовного правосудия

Сергей Викторович Бурмагин

doi:10.21638/11701/spbu25.2018.103

Авторы

Сергей Викторович Бурмагин Северный институт предпринимательства

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu25.2018.103

Аннотация

Определение сущности и содержания правосудия — одна из актуальных проблем отечественной правовой науки. Дискуссионным остается понятие правосудия, в том числе применительно к сфере уголовного процесса. Решение вопроса о том, какие действия и решения суда охватываются понятием уголовного правосудия, имеет для уголовного судопроизводства не только теоретико-доктринальное, но и методологическое и практическое значение. В настоящей статье раскрывается сущность уголовного правосудия, формулируется его определение. Рассматриваются сложившиеся в науке взгляды на пределы реализации уголовного правосудия, раскрывается суть двух противоположных подходов, в рамках которых правосудию придаются узкий и широкий смысл. Автор критикует ограниченное толкование (узкую трактовку) уголовного правосудия и аргументирует его несостоятельность, исходя из действительной роли судебной власти в современном обществе и в государственно-правовой системе России. Проведенный анализ действующего законодательства и правовых позиций высших судов Российской Федерации позволяет автору прийти к выводу о наличии правовых оснований для придания понятию «уголовное правосудие» широкого значения и включения в него не только деятельности по рассмотрению уголовного дела, подразумевающей решение вопроса о виновности, ответственности и наказании обвиняемого, но и разрешения иных правовых вопросов, поставленных перед судом в делах судебного контроля и на стадии исполнения наказания. В завершении статьи в целях продолжения всестороннего исследования пределов (границ) уголовного правосудия предлагается использовать общепризнанные признаки правосудия в качестве критериев отнесения различных видов и форм судебной деятельности к уголовному правосудию. Этому сравнительному анализу будет посвящена следующая статья автора «Признаки и границы уголовного правосудия».

Ключевые слова:

судебная власть, суд, правосудие, уголовное судопроизводство, судебный контроль, исполнение приговора

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