Особенности перехода результатов интеллектуальной деятельности в режим общественного достояния

Oleg A.  Gorodov

Authors

Oleg A. Gorodov St. Petersburg State University

Abstract

The article displays the peculiarities of transition of the intellectual activity results to the public domain. The specified legal regime in the current Russian intellectual property legislation determines the legal features of the second stage of the life cycle of works, performances, phonograms, radio or television broadcasts, inventions, utility models and industrial designs, selection inventions, and topologies of integrated microcircuits. Establishment of the public domain regime in relation to the intellectual activity results is caused by many factors. In particular, it is necessary to provide such results with the features of social significance and utility to the society as a whole and to its individual members after expiration of the legal protection. If the law does not establish an exclusive property right to the use of the intellectual activity results or if the statutory period of its validity is expired, the public domain regime is to be applied. The author identifies common and particular features that characterize the public domain regime of the intellectual activity results after their transition from the legal monopoly regime (exclusive rights regime). The general features typical for all intellectual activity results include, in particular, termination of the exclusive property right in respect of the intellectual activity result; preservation of the personal non-property rights of the author; gratuitous nature of the use of the intellectual activity result after its transition to the public domain; territorial nature of the public domain regime meaning that the transition of the protected intellectual activity result to the public domain in one country does not entail such a transition in other countries; irreversibility of transition of the intellectual activity result to the public domain which implies that the reverse transition of this result to the legal monopoly regime is unacceptable; possibility to freely use the intellectual activity result that has entered the public domain. However, this does not mean that the material medium which contains this result can be used freely as well. Particular features of the public domain regime are determined mainly in its comparison with the cases of free use (exemptions from the legal monopoly regime) envisaged by legislation as regards certain protected intellectual activity results. The author of the article detects certain shortcomings of the current regulation that establish the public domain legal regime and suggests options for their elimination.

Keywords:

legal regime, exclusive right, public domain, work, invention, utility model, industrial design, selection invention, topography of integrated circuit

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Oleg A. Gorodov, St. Petersburg State University

doctor of legal sciences, professor

References

Anchishkin A.I. Nauka — tekhnika — ekonomika [Science — Technology — Economics]. 2nd ed. Moscow, Ekonomika Publ., 1989, 383 p. (In Russian)

Beskova I.A. [Human Health in Light of the Taoist Tradition]. Filosofiia zdorov’ia [Philosophy of Health]. Ed. A.T.Shatalov. Moscow, RAS Institute of Philosophy Publ., 2001, pp. 196–212. (In Russian)

Dusollier S. Obzornoe issledovanie po avtorskomu pravu, smezhnym pravam i obshchestvennomu dostoianiiu. Komitet po razvitiiu i intellektual’noi sobstvennosti (KRIS) VOIS. 4 marta 2011 g. [A Survey Study on Copyright, Related Rights and the Public Domain. The Committee on Development and Intellectual Property (CDIP) of WIPO. March, 4th, 2011]. Available at: http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/mdocs/ru/cdip_7/cdip_7_inf_2.pdf (accessed: 15.06.2017). (In Russian)

Gorodov O.A. Informatsionnoe pravo: uchebnik dlia bakalavrov [Information Law: a Textbook for Bachelors]. 2nd ed. Moscow, Prospekt Publ., 2016, 304 p. (In Russian)

Kalyatin V.O. Funktsii rezhima obshchestvennogo dostoianiia v sovremennom informatsionnom obshchestve [Functions of the Public Domain Regime in the Modern Information Society]. Pravo: zhurnal Vysshei shkoly ekonomiki [Law. Journal of the Higher School of Economics], 2015, no. 4, pp. 4–16. (In Russian)

Kalyatin V.O. Problemy opredeleniia sfery obshchestvennogo dostoianiia v sovremennom informatsionnom obshchestve [The Issues of Determining the Public Domain Scope in the Modern Information Society]. Pravo: zhurnal Vysshei shkoly ekonomiki [Law. Journal of the Higher School of Economics], 2016, no.2, pp.4–14. (In Russian)

Kommentarii k Grazhdanskomu kodeksu Rossiiskoi Federatsii. Chast’ chetvertaia: uchebno-prakticheskii kommentarii [Comment to the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Part Four: Teaching Practical Comment (Itemized)]. Ed. by A. P. Sergeev. Moscow, Prospekt Publ., 2016. 912 p. (In Russian)

Levova I.Y., Vinnik D.V., Moiseeva A.Y. [Orphan Works in Russia: Status, Ways of Solving the Problem]. Obshchestvennoe dostoianie. Kak otkryt’ dostup k kul’ture i znaniiam: sbornik [Public Domain. How to Open Access to Culture and Knowledge: Collection]. Ed. by I.Zasursky, V.Kharitonov. Moscow, Ekaterinburg, Internet Publishers Association, 2016, pp. 49–88. (In Russian)

Novitsky I.B. Osnovy rimskogo grazhdanskogo prava [Roman Civil Law Foundations]. Moscow, Zertsalo Publ., 1960. 408 p. (In Russian)

Obshchestvennoe dostoianie. Novaia gosudarstvennaia politika po regulirovaniiu avtorskikh prav, osnovannaia na kontseptsii obshchego blaga: analiz tekushchei situatsii i predlozheniia po modernizatsii instituta zashchity avtorskikh prav v sovremennoi Rossii [Public Domain. The New State Policy on the Copyright Regulation, the Basis for the Common Good Concept: an Analysis of the Current Situation and Proposals to Modernize the Institution of Copyright Protection in Modern Russia]. Ed. by I.I.Zasursky. Moscow, Internet Publishers Association, 2016, 158 p. (In Russian)

Samuelson P. Enriching Discourse on Public Domains. Duke Law Journal, 2006, vol. 55, pp. 111–169.

Sosna S.A. O kontseptsii obshchestvennogo dostoianiia [On the Concept of the Public Domain]. Gosudarstvo i parvo [State and Law], 1996, no. 2, pp. 55–64. (In Russian)

Spitsnadel V. N. Utverzhdaia prioritet...: otsenka sovremennoi tekhniki i proizvodstva [Asserting Priority...: Evaluation of Modern Technology and Production]. Leningrad, Lenizdat Publ., 1988, 144 p. (In Russian)

Zasursky I.I. Novaia model’ regulirovaniia avtorskikh prav. Obshchestvennoe dostoianie i kontseptsiia obshchego blaga [New Model of Copyright Regulation. Public Domain and the Common Good Concept]. 3rd ed. Moscow, Ekaterinburg, Internet Publishers Association, 2016, 182 p. (In Russian)